THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POLYVINYL ALCOHOL-BASED HYDROGEL AS A SOLAR PANEL SURFACE COATING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58445/rars.3700Keywords:
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel, Anti-reflective coating, Solar panel efficiencyAbstract
Climate change demands optimal use of solar energy. However, solar panel efficiency is still limited by light reflection on glass, necessitating the development of anti-reflective coatings. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based hydrogel as a solar panel surface coating in reducing light reflectance and increasing solar panel output power. PVA hydrogel was tested in three variations, namely plain PVA hydrogel, PVA hydrogel with a mixture of TiO₂ nanoparticles, and PVA hydrogel with a mixture of ZnO nanoparticles. The method used in this research is a quantitative method with an experimental approach. The test was carried out by measuring the refractive angle of light using a photosynthesis light to determine the refractive index based on Snell's law, calculating the reflectance using Fresnel's law, and measuring the electrical power stored in the battery after the solar panel has operated for an hour. The results showed that plain PVA hydrogel had the lowest reflectance of 2.751% compared to PVA–ZnO hydrogel (4.647%) and PVA–TiO₂ hydrogel (5.925%). In addition, the solar panel with plain PVA hydrogel coating produced the highest electrical power with an average of 3,737 Wh, greater than the control panel and the panel with a mixture of nanoparticles. Based on these results, it can be concluded that plain PVA-based hydrogel is the most effective solar panel surface coating in this study. This study demonstrates the potential of PVA hydrogel as a simple and environmentally friendly anti-reflective coating to improve solar panel performance.
Keywords: PVA hydrogel, solar panel, reflectance, refractive index, renewable energy.
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